Chlorpheniramine

Introduction

Chlorpheniramine (chlorpheniramine maleate) is a type of drug known as a first-generation antihistamine, which is used to treat the symptoms of allergies, hay fever, and the common cold. It works by blocking the action of histamine, which is a substance responsible for many of the allergy-like symptoms people experience.

Indication

Chlorpheniramine is most often used to relieve sneezing, runny nose, itching, and watery eyes, which are common symptoms of allergies, hay fever, and the common cold. It may also be used to treat reactions to insect stings and skin rash caused by substances such as soaps, detergents, cosmetics, or jewelry.

Mechanism of Action

Chlorpheniramine works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance responsible for many of the allergy-like symptoms people experience. By blocking histamine, chlorpheniramine stops the body from releasing compounds which can cause allergy-like symptoms. This helps to reduce the allergic reaction and the associated symptoms.

How Long Does It Take to Work?

Chlorpheniramine usually begins to work within minutes of taking the medication, and its effects can last up to 8 hours. It is important to take the medication as directed to ensure that it works effectively.

Absorption

Chlorpheniramine is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

Route of Elimination

Chlorpheniramine is excreted in the urine, primarily as unchanged drug.

Dosage

The recommended dose of chlorpheniramine for adults is 4 mg every 4-6 hours. For children aged 6 to 12, the usual dose is 2 mg every 4-6 hours. For children aged 2 to 5, the usual dose is 1 mg every 4-6 hours.

Administration

Chlorpheniramine can be taken orally with food or water. It is important to take it exactly as directed by your doctor. Do not take more than the prescribed amount, as this may cause serious side effects.

Side Effects

There are a number of side effects that can occur with chlorpheniramine, including drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, stomach pain, headache, and difficulty urinating. If any of these side effects become severe or persistent, contact your doctor for advice.

Toxicity

Chlorpheniramine can be toxic if taken in large amounts. Symptoms of overdose include restlessness, sweating, rapid heart rate, dilated pupils, nausea, vomiting, confusion, and hallucinations.

Precautions

Chlorpheniramine should not be taken by patients who have ever had an allergic reaction to it or any of its ingredients. Additionally, it should not be taken if you have chronic lung disease, high blood pressure, or heart disease, or if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Additionally, it should not be used by children under 2 years of age.

Interactions

Chlorpheniramine may interact with other medications, such as central nervous system depressants, antihypertensives, MAO inhibitors, and other antihistamines. It is important to tell your doctor about all medications you are taking before taking chlorpheniramine.

Disease Interactions

Chlorpheniramine may not be recommended for certain diseases, such as asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, glaucoma, prostate enlargement, heart disease, and kidney or liver disease. Be sure to tell your doctor about any conditions you have before taking chlorpheniramine.

Drug Interactions

Chlorpheniramine may interact with other medications, such as central nervous system depressants, antihypertensives, MAO inhibitors, and other antihistamines. Be sure to tell your doctor about all medications you are taking before taking chlorpheniramine.

Food Interactions

Foods that contain alcohol or caffeine may increase the effects of chlorpheniramine, so it is important to avoid these foods when taking the medication.

Pregnancy Use

Chlorpheniramine should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Be sure to tell your doctor if you are pregnant before taking this medication.

Lactation Use

Chlorpheniramine is not recommended for use by women who are breastfeeding. Ask your doctor for advice if you are breastfeeding and need to use this medication.

Acute Overdose

If an acute overdose of chlorpheniramine is suspected, seek medical help immediately. Symptoms of acute overdose may include confusion, hallucinations, loss of muscle control, slowed heart rate, and seizures.

Contraindication

Chlorpheniramine should not be used by patients who have ever had an allergic reaction to it or any of its ingredients. Additionally, it should not be taken if you have chronic lung disease, high blood pressure, or heart disease, or if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Additionally, it should not be used by children under 2 years of age.

Use Direction

Chlorpheniramine should be taken as directed by your doctor. It should be taken with food or water. It is important not to take more than the prescribed dose, as this may cause serious side effects. Do not drive or operate heavy machinery until you know how it affects you.

Storage Condition

Chlorpheniramine should be stored in a cool, dry place and away from light and heat. It should be kept out of reach of children.

Volume of Distribution

Chlorpheniramine has a volume of distribution of about 0.4 L/kg.

Half-Life

The half-life of chlorpheniramine is approximately 10 hours.

Clearance

The clearance of chlorpheniramine is 0.7 mL/min/kg.

الاسم التجاري العربي ل Chlorpheniramine

الاسم التجاري العربي ل Chlorpheniramine هو "الكلورفنيرامين الماليات"

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